Bryophytes comprise the root from which the green plant Tree-of-Life developed. Molecular methods have been applied to a range of evolutionary problems in bryophytes including phylogenetic relationships among the major lineages, delimination of families and genera, infraspecific geographic patterns and speciation. This symposium encompasses molecular phylogenetic analyses at various levels of organization. Presentations include overviews of where we stand on resolving relationships within the three divisions: Bryophyta (mosses), Marchantiophyta (liverworts) and Anthocerophyta (hornworts). Other presentations address the evolution of development in early land plants, the use of characters describing gene and genome structure in phylogenetic analyses and infra-specific, geographically-correlated molecular variation in bryophytes.